Solar Cell Systems: On-grid vs. Hybrid - A Guide to Installation
Understanding Solar Cell Systems
A Solar Cell System is a process that generates electricity from solar energy. The main component is the solar panel, which captures sunlight and converts it into direct current (DC) electricity. This electricity is then sent to an inverter to be converted into alternating current (AC), the type of electricity used by all home appliances.
Investing in a solar system is more than just a way to cut electricity bills; it's a long-term investment in energy security, it increases the value of your property, and, most importantly, it contributes to reducing carbon dioxide emissions, a primary cause of global warming.
A Closer Look at Two Popular Systems: On-grid vs. Hybrid
Choosing the right solar system is key to a successful investment. To make it easier to understand, let's compare the two most popular systems today.
On-grid Solar Cell System
The on-grid system is the most popular choice for residential homes. It generates electricity from sunlight during the day for use alongside power from the main grid. This system connects directly to the electricity grid. If you produce more power than you use, the surplus is sold back to the grid. If you produce less or it's nighttime, the system draws electricity from the grid as usual.
The main advantages are low initial installation costs and easy maintenance since there is no battery. This means a quicker return on investment, making it ideal for general use. However, a major limitation is that if there is a power outage from the main grid, the on-grid solar system will shut down for the safety of utility workers, meaning you won't have power during an outage. It is best suited for homes that primarily use electricity during the day and are in areas with a stable power supply.
Hybrid Solar Cell System
The hybrid system combines the benefits of both on-grid and off-grid systems. It connects to the main grid like an on-grid system but includes a battery for energy storage. During the day, it generates electricity for use and charges the battery. If the battery is full and there's still a surplus, you can sell it back to the grid. At night or during a power outage, the system will first use the stored battery power. It only switches to the grid once the battery is depleted.
The standout advantage of this system is energy security, providing uninterrupted power even during blackouts. It also maximizes savings by allowing you to use self-generated electricity day and night. The main drawbacks are higher installation costs and greater system complexity due to the battery, which has a limited lifespan and will eventually need to be replaced. The hybrid system is ideal for homes that require high energy security, use a lot of electricity at night, or have a larger budget for investment.
Professional Solar Cell Installation Steps
Deciding to install a solar system isn't just about choosing a system; it's also about selecting a professional and reliable installer. The general steps are as follows:
- Survey and Consultation: A team of experts will survey your rooftop, analyze sunlight exposure, and review your electricity usage patterns to design the most suitable system.
- System Design: Engineers will calculate the appropriate power output and select the right equipment, such as the type and number of solar panels, inverter size, and battery size (for hybrid systems)
- Permit Application: The installer will assist with submitting the necessary documents to relevant government agencies, such as the Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC) and the local electricity authority.
- Professional Installation: The installation of the mounting structure, wiring, and all equipment must be done according to engineering standards for maximum safety and performance.
- Testing and Handover: After installation, the entire system is tested and connected to the main grid before being handed over to the customer with guidance on how to use it.
Choosing high-quality equipment, especially the solar panels, is crucial as it directly impacts the amount of electricity generated and the long-term durability of the system.
Summary: Finding the "Right" and "Most Valuable" Solar System
Investing in a solar cell system is a significant decision with both financial and environmental benefits. When choosing between an on-grid system, which prioritizes cost-effectiveness and a quick return on investment, and a hybrid system, which focuses on energy security, you should consider your lifestyle, budget, and need for backup power. Regardless of your choice, transitioning to clean energy is a true step towards a sustainable future for your family and our planet.